TNPSC Current Affairs March 2017,21 for group 1 & group 2 (mains)

TNPSC Current Affairs March 2017

1.National green Tribunal cancels environmental clearance given to Neutrino project .

National Green Tribunal has cancelled the Environmental Clearance given by the Ministry of Environment, forests and climate change for the Neutrino project which was proposed to set up in Theni district of Tamil Nadu.

The southern bench of National Tribunal has cancelled the environmental clearance and asked the he project team to file for a fresh clearance from the Environmental Ministry

About the Neutrino Project: 

• India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) which is proposed to come in Bodi East hills in Theni District, Tamil Nadu.
• It is a particle physics research project to study about the atmospheric Neutrino.
• INO has going to construct the Detector to detect the naturally Producing Neutrino in atmosphere. It will be very difficult to detect neutrino signals which are produced in atmosphere because of other particles signal’s in atmosphere.
• To overcome this difficulty scientist has planned to build the observatory inside the mountain so they can detect Neutrino signal easily, because Neutrino’s can easily penetrate anything because of its weakly interactive nature.

About Bodi Lab:

The lab is under mountain about 1300 m deep. The Neutrino Detector is called Calorimeter. It consists of detector called RPC(Resistiv plate chamber) arranged in stack of  layers and it also consists of ,50,000 tonnes of magnetised iron plates arranged in stack layer spaces. This is massive detector weighing 50k tons and it’s the world's largest electromagnet.

What is Neutrino?

Neutrinos are elementary particle like electron, but which is not the part of Electron. It is the Elementary particle which will not break further.

Previous Scientific Discoveries has found that there is 2 more particles similar to Electron called Muon and Tau. These 3 has Neutrino partner called Electron Neutrino, Muon Neutrino, and Tau Neutrino. The Electron, Muon and Tau are negatively charged particles and Neutrino is chargless and doesn’t have mass.

Neutrons are found in abundance, because of weakly interactive nature, it is very difficult to study about it. Initially there was a thought that neutrino is massless particles but recent studies reveal that it has small mass.         

Neutrino Oscillation:

Recent Discovery that neutrino changes from one type to another as they travel. An electron neutrino which is produced in sun which converts into Muon Neutrino or Tau Neutrino on its flight to the earth which is called Neutrino Oscillation. This is the discovery which reveals that Neutrino has Mass.

 2.Union Cabinet approves four GST bills,

Union Cabinet has approved the four supporting Good and Service Tax (GST) bills and will be introduce in the current budget session of Parliament.

Union Cabinet was chaired by Prime minister has approved the following four GST related Bills

1 Central GST (CGST Bill)

2.The Integrated GST (IGST Bill )

3.The Union Territory GST (UTGST Bill)

4.the Compensation to the States Law Bill .

About the GST Bills(official Release).

The GST Council has already finalised the 4 tier tax structure 5,12,18 and 28 Per cent and overall cap of 40 Per cent. 

• Central GST bill makes provisions for levy and collection of tax on intra-state supply of goods or services or both by the central government
• IGST Bill makes provisions for levy and collection of tax on inter-state supply of goods or services or both by the Central government.
• The UTGST Bill makes provisions for levy on collection of tax on intra-UT supply of goods and services in the Union Territories without legislature.Union Territory GST is akin to States Goods and Services Tax (SGST) which shall be levied and collected by the States/ Union Territories on intra-state supply of goods or services or both.
• The Compensation Bill provides for compensation to the states for loss of revenue arising on account of implementation of the goods and services tax for a period of five years as per section 18 of the Constitution (101th Amendment) Act, 2016.

                                                                                   

3.Major Rohit Suri awarded kirti chakra award

Major Rohit Suri has awarded the second highest Peace time Gallantry award Kirti Chakra by President Pranab Mukherjee in the ceremony held in Durbar hall of Rashtrapati Bhavan.

Rohit Suri has led the army which carried out surgical strike in Pakistan occupied Kashmir 2016.

The surgical strike is response for the attack by  terrorists belonging to the Pakistani jihadi group Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) struck at an Indian Army camp in Uri.

About Kirti Chakra Award: 

• Kirti Chakra is an second highest Peace time Gallantry award after Ashoka Chakra was awarded for Valour, courageous action or self-sacrifice in battle.
• It was previously known as Ashoka Chara ,class II award and it was established in 1952.
• It is given to both civilians and military personnel including posthumous awards.
• It was renamed to Kirti Chakra in 1967.
• Col N.J Nair is the only soldier who has been awarded both Kiti chakra and Ashoka Chara till date.

4.Talks on Indus water treaty begins.

India and Pakistan discuss problems relating to the Indus Basin at Indus Water Commission meeting.  previous meeting  of the commission was held in 2015. India side is headed by P.K Saxena and Mirza Asif saeed from Pakistan Side .

This is the 113th session of Permanent Indus water commission,. It was established in 1960.

Issue: 

• India built  1000 MW Pakul Dul on Chenab in Jammu and Kashmir, 120 MW Miyar, located across Miyar Nalla tributary of River Chenab located in Himachal Pradesh, and the 43 MW Lower Kalnai hydro project on Lower Kalnai Nalla, a tributary of river Chenab in Jammu and Kashmir,
• India is also planning to the build Kishanganga 330 megawatts and Ratle (850 megawatts) hydroelectric plants.
• Pakistan contends that the above projects were violating the Indus Water Treaty of 1960.
• India said that it is ready to engage in further  consultation with pakitan on matter of resolving current differences over the project as per the treaty.

About Indus Water Treaty: 

• Indus water treaty is between India and Pakistan , which was signed in 1960 by then Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and Pakistan President Ayub Khan.
• As per the treaty India will control the 3 eastern rivers of Indus basin – Beas, Ravi and Sutlej and Pakistan has control over western rivers, Indus, Chenab and Jhelum.
• As per the treaty India can use only 20 Per cent of water in Indus River.
• This treaty is considered as one of the most successful treaty in world today withstood frequent tension between two countries.